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M
a disk read error occurred
Moderate
Microsoft · Windows
The BIOS successfully found the boot device but encountered a read error while loading the operating system — the disk returned corrupted or no data when trying to read the boot sector
Quick Answer
Error code A Disk Read Error Occurred on your Microsoft Windows means: The BIOS successfully found the boot device but encountered a read error while loading the operating system — the disk returned corrupted or no data when trying to read the boot sector. This is usually fixable — see the step-by-step guide below.
Affected Models
Applies to all models
21H222H223H2Server 2019Server 2022
Likely Causes
  1. Failing hard drive with bad sectors in the boot area
  2. Loose or faulty SATA cable causing intermittent read failures
  3. Corrupted MBR (Master Boot Record) or boot sector
  4. RAM errors causing data corruption during the disk read process
How to Fix It
1
Power off the PC. Open the case and reseat (unplug and replug) both the SATA data cable and SATA power cable on the boot drive. Try a different SATA port on the motherboard
2
Boot from a Windows installation USB, go to Repair > Command Prompt, and run: chkdsk C: /f /r to scan for and attempt to repair bad sectors
3
Run: bootrec /fixmbr and bootrec /fixboot to repair the boot records
4
Test RAM with Windows Memory Diagnostic or MemTest86 — bad RAM can corrupt disk reads
5
Check the drive's SMART health with CrystalDiskInfo (boot from a live USB if needed) — if it shows reallocated sectors or pending sectors, back up data immediately
6
If the drive is failing, clone it to a new drive using Clonezilla or Macrium Reflect from a bootable USB
Pro Tip
This fix requires some technical knowledge. If you're unsure about any step, consider contacting support or a qualified technician.
Parts You May Need
Replacement SATA cable
Replacement SSD/HDD if drive is failing
Windows installation USB
Related Error Codes
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